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Re: Vulnerability Report (1) Clickjacking Lead to Account Takeover
Any update on this?On Sat, 16 Jul 2022 at 02:48, Bug Hunter <[email protected]> wrote:Hi Team
I have detected that your website is vulnerable to this vulnerability
Vulnerability Type: Clickjacking Lead to Account Takeover
Severity: Critical
Issue:
Clickjacking (User Interface redress attack, UI redress attack, UI redressing) is a malicious technique of tricking a Web user into clicking on something different from what the user perceives they are clicking on, thus potentially revealing confidential information or taking control of their computer while clicking on seemingly innocuous web pages.
The server didn't return an X-Frame-Options header which means that this website could be at risk of a clickjacking attack. The X-Frame-Options HTTP response header can be used to indicate whether or not a browser should be allowed to render a page in a <frame> or <iframe>. Sites can use this to avoid clickjacking attacks, by ensuring that their content is not embedded into other sites.
This vulnerability affects Web Server.
Steps To Reproduce :
Here are the steps to reproduce the vulnerability
1.open notepad and paste the following code<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html lang="en-US">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>i Frame</title>
</head>
<body>
<h3>This is clickjacking vulnerable</h3>
<iframe src="https://apps.odoo.com/" frameborder="200 px" height="5000px" width="500px"></iframe>
</body>
</html>2.save it as <anyname>.html eg s.html
3.and just simply open that..
4. Understanding the Remedial Action for Clickjacking
Clickjacking can be prevented using a host of client side browser plugins such as
• NoScript – http://noscript.net
• Web Protection Suite – http://www.comitari.com/Web_Protection_Suite
These plugins are recommended for daily browsing and can also protect users against additional client side attacks, such as XSS (Cross Site Scripting).
The above plugins are client side prevention techniques that should be taught to all application users; however, steps must also be taken from the developer’s end.
The following techniques can be used to aid in the prevention of clickjacking:
4.1. X-Frame-Options
The simplest of all the techniques that only requires a simple configuration setting; for example, this can be done within Apache using the following line:
<pre lang="JavaScript" line="1">Header always append X-Frame-Options DENY</pre>
4.2. FrameBusting JavaScript
This method utilizes JavaScript to “bust” iframes. This is done by checking if the current web page is the top web page (not within a frame) and if the web page is currently not the top page, then it becomes the top page.
The following example segment of code can be used to demonstrate this:
<pre lang="JavaScript" line="1">if (top.location.hostname != self.location.hostname){
top.location.href = self.location.href;
}</pre>
It should be noted that recent techniques have found to be able to bypass this clickjacking prevention technique as seen in the whitepaper by web application security researcher Collin Jackson – http://www.collinjackson.com/research/xssauditor.pdf.
4.3.Unique URL request
Similar to a CSRF nonce, this can be employed so attackers cannot deliver the attack URL easily.
4.4. CAPTCHAs
Similar to the way it prevents attackers from spamming a web form, this can be used as an additional layer of verification on each transaction.
4.5. Element Randomization
Generally it is possible to clickjack due to buttons and links being in a static area of the web page, allowing attackers to place invisible frames over them. A technique to prevent this from occurring is to randomize the links or buttons on load, thus preventing attackers from hard coding static iframes.
Proof of Concept :Please let me know if you need more information. Looking after your response.Regards,Asif.
por "Bug Hunter" <[email protected]> - 12:21 - 25 jul. 2022 -
Deltek, ETQ and Qualio Software Users Database
Hi,
I hope my email finds you doing well.
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I’d be happy to send over few sample records if you could throw some light on your target audience (Software users) and set up a time to discuss further.
We will provide 100% accuracy in application install base with 96% Data accuracy and 90% email deliverability. We are the data partners for various Top Notch Clients in the market.
Thank you and I look forward to hearing from you.
Best Regards,
Michelle Harris
Database Coordinator
If you don't wish to receive our newsletters, reply with "Opt-Out" in subject line.
por "Michelle Harris" <[email protected]> - 11:30 - 19 jul. 2022 -
Vulnerability Report (1) Clickjacking Lead to Account Takeover
Hi Team
I have detected that your website is vulnerable to this vulnerability
Vulnerability Type: Clickjacking Lead to Account Takeover
Severity: Critical
Issue:
Clickjacking (User Interface redress attack, UI redress attack, UI redressing) is a malicious technique of tricking a Web user into clicking on something different from what the user perceives they are clicking on, thus potentially revealing confidential information or taking control of their computer while clicking on seemingly innocuous web pages.
The server didn't return an X-Frame-Options header which means that this website could be at risk of a clickjacking attack. The X-Frame-Options HTTP response header can be used to indicate whether or not a browser should be allowed to render a page in a <frame> or <iframe>. Sites can use this to avoid clickjacking attacks, by ensuring that their content is not embedded into other sites.
This vulnerability affects Web Server.
Steps To Reproduce :
Here are the steps to reproduce the vulnerability
1.open notepad and paste the following code<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html lang="en-US">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>i Frame</title>
</head>
<body>
<h3>This is clickjacking vulnerable</h3>
<iframe src="https://apps.odoo.com/" frameborder="200 px" height="5000px" width="500px"></iframe>
</body>
</html>2.save it as <anyname>.html eg s.html
3.and just simply open that..
4. Understanding the Remedial Action for Clickjacking
Clickjacking can be prevented using a host of client side browser plugins such as
• NoScript – http://noscript.net
• Web Protection Suite – http://www.comitari.com/Web_Protection_Suite
These plugins are recommended for daily browsing and can also protect users against additional client side attacks, such as XSS (Cross Site Scripting).
The above plugins are client side prevention techniques that should be taught to all application users; however, steps must also be taken from the developer’s end.
The following techniques can be used to aid in the prevention of clickjacking:
4.1. X-Frame-Options
The simplest of all the techniques that only requires a simple configuration setting; for example, this can be done within Apache using the following line:
<pre lang="JavaScript" line="1">Header always append X-Frame-Options DENY</pre>
4.2. FrameBusting JavaScript
This method utilizes JavaScript to “bust” iframes. This is done by checking if the current web page is the top web page (not within a frame) and if the web page is currently not the top page, then it becomes the top page.
The following example segment of code can be used to demonstrate this:
<pre lang="JavaScript" line="1">if (top.location.hostname != self.location.hostname){
top.location.href = self.location.href;
}</pre>
It should be noted that recent techniques have found to be able to bypass this clickjacking prevention technique as seen in the whitepaper by web application security researcher Collin Jackson – http://www.collinjackson.com/research/xssauditor.pdf.
4.3.Unique URL request
Similar to a CSRF nonce, this can be employed so attackers cannot deliver the attack URL easily.
4.4. CAPTCHAs
Similar to the way it prevents attackers from spamming a web form, this can be used as an additional layer of verification on each transaction.
4.5. Element Randomization
Generally it is possible to clickjack due to buttons and links being in a static area of the web page, allowing attackers to place invisible frames over them. A technique to prevent this from occurring is to randomize the links or buttons on load, thus preventing attackers from hard coding static iframes.
Proof of Concept :Please let me know if you need more information. Looking after your response.Regards,Asif.
por "Bug Hunter" <[email protected]> - 05:49 - 15 jul. 2022 -
Saheed mohamed sent you a message on Linkedin
Saheed mohamed sent you a message on Linkedin
Saheed Mohamed wants to build a business relationship with you. View Message LinkedIn is a social network and online platform for professionals. You are receiving Invitation emails. LinkedIn will use your email address to make suggestions to our members in features like People You May Know.
This email was sent to you.
© 2022 LinkedIn Ireland Unlimited Company, Wilton Plaza, Wilton Place, Dublin 2. LinkedIn is a registered business name of LinkedIn Ireland Unlimited Company. LinkedIn and the LinkedIn logo are registered trademarks of LinkedIn.
por "Linkedin" <[email protected]> - 05:05 - 12 jul. 2022 -
Linkedin: Saheed mohamed sent you a message on Linkedin
Saheed mohamed sent you a message on Linkedin
Saheed Mohamed wants to build a business relationship with you. View Message LinkedIn is a social network and online platform for professionals. You are receiving Invitation emails. LinkedIn will use your email address to make suggestions to our members in features like People You May Know.
This email was sent to you.
© 2022 LinkedIn Ireland Unlimited Company, Wilton Plaza, Wilton Place, Dublin 2. LinkedIn is a registered business name of LinkedIn Ireland Unlimited Company. LinkedIn and the LinkedIn logo are registered trademarks of LinkedIn.
por Linkedin <[email protected]> - 11:37 - 6 jul. 2022
